[Spring]Idea创建Spring框架及新增自己的Controller

Thu, 28 Apr 2016 07:24:58 +0000

Pom文件的配置：

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <groupId>com.coinidea</groupId>
 <artifactId>web</artifactId>
 <packaging>war</packaging>
 <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <name>hive.web Maven Webapp</name>
 <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
 <properties>
 <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
 </properties>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>junit</groupId>
 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
 <version>3.8.1</version>
 <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 <!--spring-->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <build>
 <finalName>web</finalName>
 </build>
 <repositories>
 <repository>
 <id>people.apache.snapshots</id>
 <url>http://repository.apache.org/content/groups/snapshots-group/</url>
 <releases>
 <enabled>false</enabled>
 </releases>
 <snapshots>
 <enabled>true</enabled>
 </snapshots>
 </repository>
 </repositories>
</project>

本地安装Tomcat，如果不知道Tomcat的安装方式，请自己搜索一下。

Tomcat的配置

Run -> Edit Configurations，点击”+”，选择Tomcat Local。
在“Server” Tab，配置Tomcat的本地路径；在“Deployment”选择”+”->Artifact。
运行起来之后，会弹出默认的Hello World。
新建自己的Controller
web.xml的配置

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
 version="3.1">
 <context-param>
 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
 </context-param>
 <listener>
 <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 </listener>
 <servlet>
 <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

值得注意的是，上述的servlet-mapping的default配置解决了Spring静态文件404的问题。
其他所有的URL都会通过dispatcher的配置进行URL mapping。
7. dispatcher-servlet.xml的配置

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<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd"
 default-lazy-init="false">
 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>
 <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->
 <context:annotation-config />
 <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 -->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.coinidea.controller"/>
 <!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix：前缀， suffix：后缀 -->
 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
 <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
 </bean>
</beans>

指定了jsp的view文件夹在/WEB-INF/views/以及运行使用Spring的注解功能。所有的Controller都会去package com.coinidea.controller中寻找。
8. FirstHello Controller

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package com.cmri.web.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/first")
public class TestController {
 @RequestMapping("hello")
 public ModelAndView view() {
 ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
 mv.addObject("message", "HelloWorld!");
 mv.setViewName("hello");
 return mv;
 }
}

hello.jsp在views文件夹中：

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
 <title>hello world</title>
</head>
<body>
${message}
</body>
</html>

当浏览器中访问http://localhost:8080/first/hello会显示：

9. Java Web API Controller
当需要响应Ajax的请求时，函数需要加上注解：

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@RequestMapping("ajax")
@ResponseBody
public String ajax() {
 return "Hello world";
}

Idea on Coinidea的博客

[Spring]Idea创建Spring框架及新增自己的Controller

Pom文件的配置：

Tomcat的配置